> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://atomoh.gitbook.io/kubernetes/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://atomoh.gitbook.io/kubernetes/en/quiz-collection/quizzes/02-linux-advanced-quiz.md). # Linux Operations Skills Quiz This quiz tests your understanding of Linux operations skills used in Kubernetes environments. ## Multiple Choice Questions 1. Which command makes environment variables available to child processes? * A) set * B) export * C) declare * D) env
Show Answer **Answer: B) export**
2. When is `.bashrc` executed? * A) Only for login shells * B) For all shell sessions * C) For non-login interactive shells * D) Always with .bash\_profile
Show Answer **Answer: C) For non-login interactive shells**
3. What does `${REPLICAS:-3}` mean? * A) Set REPLICAS to 3 * B) Use 3 if REPLICAS is not set * C) Subtract 3 from REPLICAS * D) Error
Show Answer **Answer: B) Use 3 if REPLICAS is not set**
4. What does `awk 'NR>1 {print $1}'` do? * A) Print first field of all lines * B) Print only the first line * C) Print first field excluding header * D) Print lines with first field
Show Answer **Answer: C) Print first field excluding header**
5. What is the role of `g` in `sed -i 's/old/new/g'`? * A) Case insensitive * B) Replace all matches in line * C) Replace once * D) Enable regex
Show Answer **Answer: B) Replace all matches in line**
6. What does `-r` do in `jq -r`? * A) Recursive search * B) Reverse order * C) Raw string output without quotes * D) Read-only
Show Answer **Answer: C) Raw string output without quotes**
7. What does `ssh -L 8080:localhost:80 user@server` mean? * A) Forward server 8080 to local 80 * B) Forward local 8080 to server 80 * C) Forward server 80 to local 8080 * D) Forward local 80 to server 8080
Show Answer **Answer: B) Forward local 8080 to server 80**
8. What does `wa` represent in vmstat? * A) Web application CPU * B) I/O wait time percentage * C) Warning count * D) Active processes
Show Answer **Answer: B) I/O wait time percentage**
9. Which command creates an LVM Physical Volume? * A) lvcreate * B) vgcreate * C) pvcreate * D) fscreate
Show Answer **Answer: C) pvcreate**
10. What does `curl -s -o /dev/null -w "%{http_code}" URL` output? * A) Response body * B) Response headers * C) HTTP status code * D) Response time
Show Answer **Answer: C) HTTP status code**
## Short Answer Questions 11. What command executes file contents in the current shell?
Show Answer **Answer: source (or .)**
12. What is the JSON parsing tool?
Show Answer **Answer: jq**
13. What SSH option is used for bastion jump?
Show Answer **Answer: ProxyJump (or -J)**
14. What command monitors disk I/O?
Show Answer **Answer: iostat**
15. What is the path to the Pod service account token?
Show Answer **Answer: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token**
## Practical Questions 16. Write a script with required DATABASE\_URL and TIMEOUT default 30.
Show Answer ```bash #!/bin/bash : ${DATABASE_URL:?"DATABASE_URL required"} TIMEOUT=${TIMEOUT:-30} ```
17. Write a command to output Pods with 3+ restarts as JSON.
Show Answer ```bash kubectl get pods -A -o json | jq '[.items[] | select([.status.containerStatuses[]?.restartCount] | add >= 3)]' ```
18. Write an rsync command to sync yaml files through bastion.
Show Answer ```bash rsync -avzP --include='*.yaml' --exclude='*' -e "ssh -J bastion" /src/ user@host:/dest/ ```
## Advanced Questions 19. Write a node diagnostic script.
Show Answer ```bash #!/bin/bash echo "=== System ===" && uptime && free -h && df -h echo "=== kubelet ===" && systemctl status kubelet --no-pager ```
20. Explain ConfigMap env vars vs volume mount differences.
Show Answer * Environment Variables: Loaded at Pod start, requires restart for changes * Volume Mount: Auto-updates (\~1 min), no restart needed
*** [Return to Study Materials](/kubernetes/en/basic/02-linux-advanced.md)